Scales

Attitudinal Brand Loyalty

The Attitudinal Brand Loyalty scale is a psychometric instrument designed to measure consumers' emotional attachment,...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

General Switching Cost Burden (GSCB)

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the General Switching Cost Burden (GSCB) scale, detailing its theoretical...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Service Personalization Effort (SPE)

Comprehensive psychometric review of the Service Personalization Effort (SPE) scale developed by Burnham, Frels, and...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

General Company Commitment (Lemon) (GCCL)

A comprehensive psychometric review of the General Company Commitment (Lemon) (GCCL) scale, evaluating its theoretical...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti