Scales

Local Retail Innovativeness Scale (LRI)

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Local Retail Innovativeness Scale (LRI) developed by Homburg, Hoyer,...

September 18, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Data Management Fairness Scale (DMFS)

A comprehensive academic guide to the Data Management Fairness Scale (DMFS) by Martin, Borah, and...

September 18, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Data Use Transparency Scale

The Data Use Transparency Scale (DUTS), developed by Martin, Borah, and Palmatier (2017), is a...

September 18, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Word-of-Mouth (Negative)

A comprehensive psychometric review of the Negative Word-of-Mouth (NWOM) Scale developed by Yany Grégoire and...

September 18, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Usage Clarity

The Usage Clarity (UC) scale, developed by Beibei Dong, Kenneth R. Evans, and Shaoming Zou...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Trust in Brand (TIB)

An exhaustive academic analysis of Chaudhuri and Holbrook's (2001) Trust in Brand (TIB) scale, covering...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Telepresence (Website) (TEL)

A comprehensive psychometric overview of the Telepresence (Website) (TEL) scale developed by James R. Coyle...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Sophistication (SOP)

The Sophistication (SOP) scale is a psychometric dimension of Jennifer L. Aaker's Brand Personality Framework...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Sophistication (SOP)

The Sophistication (SOP) scale is a three-item semantic differential measure developed by Aradhna Krishna and...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti