Scales

Store Atmosphere (Pleasant) (SAP)

The Store Atmosphere (Pleasant) (SAP) scale, developed by Wi-Suk Kwon and Sharron J. Lennon (2009),...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Retail Approach–Avoidance Scale (RAAS)

The Retail Approach–Avoidance Scale (RAAS) adapts Mehrabian and Russell's PAD environmental psychology framework to assess...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti