Scales

Luxuriousness of the Fashion Brands

An in-depth academic examination of the Luxuriousness of the Fashion Brands scale, detailing its psychometric...

September 23, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Attitude Toward Shopping at the Store

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Attitude Toward Shopping at the Store (ATSTS) scale developed...

September 23, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Value-Seeking Shopping Motivation (VSSM)

The Value-Seeking Shopping Motivation (VSSM) scale, developed by Arnold & Reynolds (2003), is a psychometric...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Hedonic Shopping Orientation Scale

A psychometric review of the Hedonic Shopping Orientation Scale (HESO), evaluating its theoretical foundations, structural...

September 12, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti