Scales

Brand Affection

The Brand Affection scale is a validated 4-item psychometric measure assessing the warm, peaceful, and...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Brand Love Scale (BLS)

The Brand Love Scale (BLS), established by Carroll and Ahuvia (2006), measures passionate emotional attachment...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti