Scales

Word-of-Mouth (Negative)

A comprehensive psychometric review of the Negative Word-of-Mouth (NWOM) Scale developed by Yany Grégoire and...

September 18, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Customer Rage (Revenge Behaviors) (CR)

A comprehensive academic guide to the Customer Rage (Revenge Behaviors) Scale (McColl-Kennedy et al., 2009),...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Betrayal

The Betrayal (BET) scale is a validated three-item psychometric measure developed by Yany Grégoire and...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Attribution of Blame (AOB)

The Attribution of Blame (AOB) scale is a 3-item semantic differential instrument developed by Yany...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Consumer Powerlessness Toward Brand

A comprehensive academic analysis of the Consumer Powerlessness Toward Brand (CPB) scale, examining its theoretical...

September 12, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Perceived Betrayal Scale (PBS)

Comprehensive academic guide to the Perceived Betrayal Scale (PBS) developed by Grégoire and Fisher (2008)....

September 12, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti