Scales

Brand Warmth (Semantic Differential)

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Brand Warmth (Semantic Differential) scale developed by Chu, Chang,...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Warmth of the Brand

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Warmth of the Brand scale, evaluating how consumers perceive...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Volatility

The Volatility Scale, developed by Keith A. Botner, Arul Mishra, and Himanshu Mishra (2020), is...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Perceived Product Premiumness

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Perceived Product Premiumness scale, examining theoretical underpinnings, reliability, validity,...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Value of the Product

A comprehensive psychometric review of the Value of the Product scale (Yao, Oppewal, & Wang,...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Value of Self-Expression

A comprehensive academic and psychometric review of the Value of Self-Expression scale, examining its theoretical...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Underdog (Start-up)

A psychometric review of the Underdog (Start-up) Scale developed by Acar et al. (2021), capturing...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Uncertainty Avoidance

A comprehensive psychometric review of the individual-level Uncertainty Avoidance Scale, detailing its theoretical foundation, psychometric...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Travel Likelihood to the Foreign Country

The Travel Likelihood to the Foreign Country scale is an authentic 3-item psychometric instrument developed...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Taste Evaluation (General)

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Taste Evaluation (General) scale by Yamim, Mai, and Werle...

September 24, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti