Scales

Animosity Toward Outsourced Countries Scale

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Animosity Toward Outsourced Countries Scale (ATOS), measuring consumer perceptions...

September 23, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Consumer Racism Scale

The Consumer Racism Scale (CRS), developed by Jean-François Ouellet (2007), is a 9-item psychometric instrument...

September 18, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti