Scales

Attitude Toward the Ad (Empathy) (ATTA)

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Attitude Toward the Ad (Empathy) (ATTA) scale, detailing its...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Ad-Evoked Approval Affect (AEAA)

The Ad-Evoked Approval Affect (AEAA) scale, developed by Bhat, Leigh, and Wardlow (1998), is a...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Positive Ad Affect (Dutch) (PAAD)

The Positive Ad Affect (Dutch) (PAAD) scale is an 8-item psychometric instrument developed by Moorman,...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Negative Ad Affect (Dutch) (NAAD)

Comprehensive academic overview of the Negative Ad Affect (Dutch) (NAAD) scale, developed by Moorman, Neijens,...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Ad Evaluative Judgment (Unipolar) (AEJU)

The Ad Evaluative Judgment (Unipolar) (AEJU) scale is a 13-item psychometric instrument developed by Aylesworth,...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Attitude Toward the Ad Scale (Aad)

The Attitude Toward the Ad Scale (Aad) is an essential 3-item semantic differential instrument measuring...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti