Scales

Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS)

The Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS), developed by Hart, Leary, and Rejeski (1989), is an...

September 17, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-2

A comprehensive guide to the Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-2 (Sport-MPS-2), covering its theoretical foundation, factor...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ)

A comprehensive academic psychometric profile of the Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ) developed by Diane L....

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Flow State Scale–2 (FSS-2)

An exhaustive psychometric review of the Flow State Scale–2 (FSS-2), detailing its theoretical framework, nine-dimensional...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Mental Toughness Questionnaire (MTQ48)

The Mental Toughness Questionnaire (MTQ48) is an established 48-item psychometric tool designed by Peter Clough,...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale

A comprehensive academic psychometric profile of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), examining its theoretical...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ)

A comprehensive academic analysis of the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ), evaluating its theoretical framework, psychometric...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti