Scales

Altruistic Review Motivation

The Altruistic Review Motivation (ARM) scale measures the degree to which an individual's motivation for...

September 12, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Theories

Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis – C. Daniel Batson

A comprehensive academic analysis of C. Daniel Batson's Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis, exploring theoretical foundations, experimental tests,...

September 12, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Perceived Need for Help (PNFH)

The Perceived Need for Help (PNFH) scale is a psychometrically robust four-item instrument designed to...

September 12, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

State Love Scale (STLOVE)

The State Love Scale (STLOVE) is a validated psychometric measure developed by Cavanaugh, Bettman, and...

September 12, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Batson State Empathy Scale (BSES)

The Batson State Empathy Scale (BSES) is a validated 6-item psychometric instrument measuring situational, other-oriented...

September 12, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Moral Identity Scale (MIS)

A comprehensive academic guide to the Moral Identity Scale (MIS) by Karl Aquino and Americus...

September 7, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti